Cast iron bookends
However, drawing maps to engineer a political advantage is not unconstitutional. Supreme Court ruling said Texas and other states with a history of racial discrimination no longer need to have the Justice Department scrutinize the maps before they are approved. The state has had to defend their maps in court after every redistricting process since the Voting Rights Act took effect in 1965, but this will be the first since a U.S. The Texas GOP control both chambers of the Legislature, giving them nearly complete control of the mapmaking process. Joan Huffman, who authored the maps and leads the Senate Redistricting Committee, told fellow lawmakers that they were “drawn blind to race.” She said her legal team ensured the plan followed the Voting Rights Act. The plan does not create any additional districts where Black or Hispanic voters make up more than 50% of the voting population, even as people of color accounted for more than 9 of 10 new residents in Texas over the past decade. Democratic lawmakers twice walked out on an elections bill that tightened the state’s already strict voting rules, which they called a brazen attempt to disenfranchise minorities and other Democratic-leaning voters. The maps that overhaul how Texas’ nearly 30 million residents are sorted into political districts - and who is elected to represent them - bookends a highly charged year in the state over voting rights. But two years later, that same court said there was insufficient reason to take the extraordinary step of putting Texas back under federal supervision before changing voting laws or maps. Texas has been routinely dragged into court for decades over voting maps, and in 2017, a federal court found that a Republican-drawn map was drawn to intentionally discriminate against minority voters. Republicans have said they followed the law in defending the maps, which protect their slipping grip on Texas by pulling more GOP-leaning voters into suburban districts where Democrats have made inroads in recent years. The lawsuit alleges that Republican mapmakers diluted the political strength of minority voters by not drawing any new districts where Latino residents hold a majority, despite Latinos making up half of Texas’ 4 million new residents over the last decade.Ībbott’s office did not respond to a message seeking comment. Greg Abbott is expected to sign off on the changes.Ĭivil rights groups, including the Mexican American Legal Defense and Education Fund, sued before Republican lawmakers were even done Monday. Rafael Anchia said to the chamber just before the final vote. Some of their bookends are included in the Castle Collection at the Smithsonian Institution.Ĭlick on a photo below to view more detail about the item.“What we are doing in passing this congressional map is a disservice to the people of Texas,” Democratic state Rep. They are extremely popular with collectors and consistently command premium prices in today’s market. B&H bookends are noted for their heavy weight, fine finish and excellent detail. In the 1920s and 1930s they produced a line of outstanding bronzed or polychromed cast iron bookends from molten iron poured into sand molds. Their high quality product lines of artistic household goods sold throughout the country at Marshall Field, Sears and Roebuck and Montgomery Ward. In 1859, with the discovery of oil in Titusville, Pennsylvania, B&H began producing kerosene burning lamps, which eventually replaced whale oil burning lamps.īy the 1890s B&H had showrooms in New York, Boston, Philadelphia and Chicago. Throughout the 1850s and 1860s they added other lines of household goods including sewing machines, call bells and match safes. Bradley and Hubbard, “Masters of Metalwork”- started out producing clocks, during the Civil War when markets opened west of the Mississippi.